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Health status indicators > Cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease indicators
Ischaemic heart disease indicators

Table 15: Cardiovascular disease indicators

How to interpret results - table

Indicator	Māori			non-Māori
Indicator	Males	Females	Total	Males	Females	Total
Total cardiovascular disease mortality, 35+ years, 2000-02, rate per 100,000 ^1,3*	691.4 (656.9-727.4)	459.8 (434.3-486.4)	569.4 (548.2-591.2)	267.9 (263.6-272.3)	149.3 (147.1-151.7)	204.5 (202.2-206.8)
Total cardiovascular disease hospitalisation, 35+ years, 2002-04, rate per 100,000 ^1,3*	4284.2 (4198.7-4371.0)	3402.2 (3330.7-3474.8)	3819.7 (3764.3-3875.6)	2478.1 (2462.4-2493.9)	1395.4 (1385.4-1405.4)	1913.3 (1904.2-1922.4)
Stroke mortality, 35+ years, 2000-02, rate per 100,000 ^1,3*	80.7 (69.0-93.9)	95.0 (83.6-107.5)	87.9 (79.7-96.8)	48.9 (47.1-50.7)	43.4 (42.2-44.7)	46.2 (45.2-47.3)
Stroke hospitalisation, 35+ years, 2002-04, rate per 100,000 ^1,3*	429.0 (402.0-457.3)	516.2 (488.7-544.9)	473.5 (454.1-493.5)	279.1 (274.2-284.1)	204.8 (201.2-208.5)	239.7 (236.7-242.7)
Heart failure mortality, 35+ years, 2000-02, rate per 100,000 ^1,3*	10.8 (6.7-16.4)	13.0 (9.2-17.8)	12.3 (9.4-15.9)	4.1 (3.7-4.6)	4.2 (3.9-4.5)	4.2 (4.0-4.5)
Heart failure hospitalisation, 35+ years, 2002-04, rate per 100,000 ^1,3*	850.5 (812.6-889.8)	516.3 (488.9-544.8)	676.0 (652.8-699.7)	155.5 (152.2-159.0)	93.5 (91.4-95.6)	121.8 (119.9-123.7)
Rheumatic heart disease mortality, 15+ years, 2000-02, rate per 100,000 ^1,3*	10.9 (8.1-14.3)	14.1 (11.1-17.7)	12.6 (10.5-15.1)	1.3 (1.1-1.6)	1.5 (1.3-1.8)	1.4 (1.3-1.6)
Rheumatic heart disease hospitalisation, 15+ years, 2002-04, rate per 100,000 ^1,3*	35.3 (30.1-41.0)	54.1 (48.0-60.9)	45.2 (41.1-49.6)	5.6 (5.1-6.3)	8.9 (8.2-9.7)	7.3 (6.9-7.8)
Heart disease prevalence (self-reported) 35+ years, percent ^1,2**	16.5 (11.4-21.6)	13.9 (10.9-17.0)	15.3 (12.6-18.0)	10.9 (9.5-12.2)	9.3 (8.2-10.4)	10.1 (9.2-11.1)

Notes:
¹ Age standardised to 2001 Census total Māori population.
² Prioritisation Māori ethnic group - see Methodology and Data Sources section for further information.
³ Ever-Māori ethnic group - see Methods and Data Sources section for further information.
Sources:
^*New Zealand Health Information Service
^**2002/03 New Zealand Health Survey

Total cardiovascular disease mortality was more than two-and-a-half times higher for Māori than for non-Māori (RR 2.8, CI 2.7–2.9). Māori were twice as likely to be hospitalised for cardiovascular disease than non-Māori (RR 2.0, CI 2.0–2.0).

Stroke mortality was nearly twice as high in Māori than in non-Māori (RR 1.9, CI 1.7–2.1), and the stroke hospitalisation rate for Māori was twice that of non-Māori (RR 2.0, CI 1.9–2.1).

The heart failure mortality rate for Māori was almost three times the rate for non-Māori (RR 2.9, CI 2.2–3.8). Māori were ﬁve-and-a-half times more likely to be hospitalised for heart failure than non-Māori (RR 5.6, CI 5.4– 5.8).

Rheumatic heart disease mortality was more than eight-and-a-half times higher in Māori than in non-Māori (RR 8.8, CI 7.2–10.8), and the rheumatic heart disease hospitalisation rate was six times higher in Māori than in non-Māori (RR 6.2, CI 5.5–6.9).

The prevalence of heart disease among Māori was one-and-a-half times that in non-Māori (RR 1.5, CI 1.2–1.8).

Table 16: Ischaemic heart disease indicators

How to interpret results - tables

Indicator		Māori			non-Māori
Indicator	Males	Females	Total	Males	Females	Total
Ischaemic heart disease mortality, 35+ years, 2000-02, rate per 100,000 ^1,2*	438.6 (411.3-467.4)	238.3 (220.1-257.7)	332.9 (316.7-349.7)	171.4 (167.9-175.0)	74.7 (73.1-76.4)	119.5 (117.7-121.3)
Ischaemic heart disease hospitalisation, 35+ years, 2002-04 rate per 100,000 ^1,2*	1468.8 (1419.1-1519.8)	1027.0 (987.8-1067.3)	1237.0 (1205.6-1269.1)	1162.1 (1151.1-1173.2)	489.5 (483.5-495.4)	813.4 (807.3-819.5)
All re-vascularisation (CABG³ and angioplasty) heart disease procedures, 35+ years, 2002-2004, rate per 100,000 ^1,2* ^1,2*	224.2 (205.1-244.6)	108.7 (96.2-122.5)	163.7 (152.4-175.6)	250.6 (245.2-256.1)	70.0 (67.4-72.6)	157.9 (155.0-160.9)

Notes:¹ Age-standardised to 2001 Census total Māori population.
²Ever-Māori ethnic group - see Methods and Data Sources section for further information
³ Coronary artery bypass graft.
Source:^* New Zealand Health Information Service

Among Māori, the ischaemic heart disease mortality rate was more than two-and-a-half times the non-Māori rate (RR 2.8, CI 2.6–2.9), and Māori were one-and-a-half times more likely to be hospitalised for ischaemic heart disease than non-Māori (RR 1.5, CI 1.5–1.6). The disparity was greater for Māori females, who had twice the rate of non-Māori females (RR 2.1, CI 2.0–2.2).

Despite the above, there was no signiﬁcant difference between the rates of re-vascularisation procedures for Māori and non-Māori (RR 1.0, CI 1.0–1.1). Thus it appears that relative to need (assessed by mortality and hospitalisation for ischaemic heart disease), there is a difference in access to interventions for ischaemic heart disease for Māori compared to non-Māori.

Although risk of ischaemic heart disease and cardiovascular disease was higher among males, relative inequalities were greater between Māori and non-Māori females than among males.

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