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Cardiovascular disease

Table 15: Cardiovascular disease indicators

Indicator
Māori
non-Māori
Males
Females
Total
Males
Females
Total
Total cardiovascular disease mortality, 35+ years, 2004-06, rate per 100,000 1,2
520.4
(494.1–547.8)
306.3
(288.3–325.1)
406.8
(391.1–422.9)
211.6
(208.1–215.1)
122.2
(120.4–124.1)
164.7
(162.8–166.6)
Total cardiovascular disease hospitalisation, 35+ years, 2006-08, rate per 100,000 1,3
4775.6
(4604.2–4953.3)

3696.3
(3557.3–3840.7)
4220.4
(4110.0–4333.9)
2882.7
(2852.9–2912.8)
1628.7
(1606.8–1650.9)
2221.2
(2203.0–2239.7)
Stroke mortality, 35+ years, 2004-06, rate per 100,000 1,2
56.4
(47.9–66.0)
68.7
(60.3–77.9)
63.4
(57.4–70.0)
38.2
(36.8–39.7)
36.8
(35.7–37.8)
37.8
(37.0–38.7)
Stroke hospitalisation, 35+ years, 2006-08, rate per 100,000 1,3
407.0
(368.1–449.9)
433.2
(396.9–472.9)
423.3
(396.3–452.1)
253.9
(245.7–262.5)
172.8
(166.1–179.7)
211.2
(206.0–216.7)
Heart failure mortality, 35+ years, 2004-06, rate per 100,000 1,2
5.9
(3.4–9.6)
5.6
(3.6–8.5)
6.0
(4.2–8.2)
6.0
(4.2–8.2)
3.2
(2.9–3.4)
3.1
(2.9–3.3)
Heart failure hospitalisation, 35+ years, 2006-08, rate per 100,000 1,3
1000.1
(935.6–1069.0)
625.9
(579.5–676.0)
803.1
(763.8–844.5)
229.0
(220.0–238.4)
141.3
(134.9–148.1)
180.0
(174.5–185.6)
Rheumatic heart disease mortality, 15+ years, 2004-06, rate per 100,000 1,2
7.8
(5.6–10.4)
9.2
(7.1–11.9)
8.5
(7.0–10.3)
1.3
(1.1–1.6)
1.4
(1.2–1.6)
1.4
(1.2–1.5)
Rheumatic heart disease hospitalisation, 15+ years, 2006-08, rate per 100,000 1,3
33.6
(27.0–41.8)

47.2
(40.4–55.2)
40.9
(36.0–46.5)
9.7
(8.3–11.3)
10.7
(9.3–12.3)
10.2
(9.2–11.3)

Source: Ministry of Health

Notes:
  1. Age standardised to 2001 Census total Māori population.
  2. Prioritised Māori ethnic group – see ‘Ngā Tapuae me ngā Raraunga: Methods and Data Sources’ for further information.
  3. Ethnicity adjusted rate – see ‘Ngā Tapuae me ngā Raraunga: Methods and Data Sources’ for further information.
According to Table 15, total cardiovascular disease mortality was two-and-a-half times higher for Māori than for non-Māori (RR 2.47, CI 2.37–2.57). Māori were almost twice as likely to be hospitalised for cardiovascular disease as non-Māori (RR 1.90, CI 1.86–1.94).

Stroke mortality was over one-and-a-half times higher for Mā ori than for non-Māori (RR 1.68, CI 1.51–1.86), and the stroke hospitalisation rate for Māori was twice that of non-Māori (RR 2.00, CI 1.88–2.14).

The heart failure mortality rate for Māori was almost twice as high as the rate for non-Māori (RR 1.92, CI 1.39–2.66). Māori were four-and-a-half times more likely to be hospitalised for heart failure than non-Māori (RR 4.46, CI 4.25–4.69).

Rheumatic heart disease mortality was over six times higher in Māori than in non-Māori (RR 6.27, CI 4.95–7.94), and the rheumatic heart disease hospitalisation rate was four times higher in Māori than in non-Māori (RR 4.01, CI 3.47–4.62).


Table 16: Ischaemic heart disease indicators

Indicator
Māori
non-Māori
Males
Females
Total
Males
Females
Total
Ischaemic heart disease mortality, 35+ years, 2004-06, rate per 100,000 1,2
337.2
(316.1–359.3)
151.9
(139.3–165.3)
238.3
(226.3–250.7)
135.3
(132.4–138.1)
59.6
(58.2–60.9)
95.1
(93.6–96.5)
Ischaemic heart disease hospitalisation, 35+ years, 2006-08 rate per 100,000 1,3
1583.0
(1504.9–1665.1)

1203.3
(1136.3–1274.2)
1392.6
(1340.5–1446.8)
1306.1
(1287.2–1325.2)
586.1
(573.5–599.1)
928.5
(917.3–939.9)
All re-vascularisation (CABG4 and angioplasty) heart disease procedures, 35+ years, 2006-2008, rate per 100,000 1,3
261.4
(234.0–292.0)



125.9
(107.6–147.2)
189.9
(173.4–207.9)
278.4
(269.7–287.3)
81.4
(76.6–86.4)
176.5
(171.6–181.5)
Source: Ministry of Health

Notes:
  1. Age standardised to 2001 Census total Māori population.
  2. Prioritised Māori ethnic group – see ‘Ngā Tapuae me ngā Raraunga: Methods and Data Sources’ for further information.
  3. Ethnicity adjusted rate – see ‘Ngā Tapuae me ngā Raraunga: Methods and Data Sources’ for further information.
  4. Coronary artery bypass graft.
Table 16 shows that, among Māori, the ischaemic heart disease mortality rate was two-and-a-half times the non-Māori rate (RR 2.51, CI 2.37–2.65), and Māori were one-and-a-half times more likely to be hospitalised for ischaemic heart disease than non-Māori (RR 1.50, CI 1.45–1.55).

The disparity was greater for Māori females, who had twice the hospitalisation rate of non-Māori females (RR 2.05, CI 1.95–2.16).

Despite this, there was no significant difference between the rates of re-vascularisation procedures for Māori and non-Māori (RR 1.08, CI 0.98–1.18). Thus it appears that relative to need (assessed by mortality and hospitalisation for ischaemic heart disease), there is a difference in access to interventions for ischaemic heart disease for Māori compared with non-Māori.

Although the risk of ischaemic heart disease and cardiovascular disease was higher among males, relative differences were greater between Māori and non-Māori females than between Māori and non-Māori males.
Page last updated: 21 July 2010

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